Diagnosing ovarian cancer typically involves a combination of physical exams, imaging tests, and lab work. The process often begins with a pelvic exam, where a doctor checks for any unusual lumps or changes in the ovaries. If ovarian cancer is suspected, further tests are ordered.
Imaging tests such as ultrasounds or CT scans are commonly used to get a closer look at the ovaries and other pelvic structures. These tests can help identify abnormalities or tumors in the ovaries.
A blood test, specifically the CA-125 test, may be done to measure levels of a protein that can be elevated in ovarian cancer. However, this test is not specific to ovarian cancer and may also show increased levels in other conditions.
If imaging or lab results are concerning, a biopsy or surgery may be required to confirm the diagnosis. During surgery, doctors can remove tissue samples for microscopic examination, allowing for a definitive diagnosis.
Ovarian cancer is often diagnosed at later stages due to its subtle symptoms. Early detection through awareness of symptoms and regular check-ups plays a critical role in improving outcomes. Always consult a healthcare provider if you notice persistent abdominal discomfort or other potential signs.