The menstrual cycle is a natural process that occurs in women’s bodies, typically lasting around 28 days, although it can vary from 21 to 35 days. This cycle is essential for reproduction and involves several phases that prepare the body for pregnancy.
The cycle starts with **menstruation**, which is the shedding of the uterine lining if pregnancy has not occurred. This usually lasts between 3 to 7 days and involves bleeding. After menstruation, the **follicular phase** begins, where the body produces hormones like estrogen to stimulate the growth of eggs in the ovaries. During this phase, the uterine lining thickens in preparation for a possible pregnancy.
Around day 14 of the cycle, **ovulation** occurs, where a mature egg is released from the ovary and travels down the fallopian tube. This is the most fertile time of the cycle. If the egg is not fertilized by sperm, the body enters the **luteal phase**, where the hormone progesterone helps maintain the uterine lining. If pregnancy doesn’t happen, hormone levels drop, and the cycle begins again with menstruation.
Understanding the menstrual cycle helps women track their health and fertility. It’s important to consult a healthcare provider if cycles are irregular or accompanied by severe symptoms.